Reckoner.



No. 634,779. Patented (Ict. l0, |899.

C. TREGONING. BEsKoN'ER.

, (Appxiwion and 1m. 2o, 1899.) (No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet l.

W/ TN E SSE'S A TTOHNE Y S.

No. 634,779. Patentad Oct. I0, |899'l C. TREGDNING.

RECKONER.

(Application filed Mar. 20, 1899.) (No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 W/TNESSES NVENTO? #60W mg 'm/ y By A fro/mns'l PatentedOct. l0, |899. C. TBEGONING.

R E C K 0 N E R.

(Applicltion mnd Har. 20, 1899.)

3 Sheets-Shut 3.

(No llndel.)

/N VE N TOH m Wl TNE SSE S A TTOHNEYS.

.act description.'

srnonrro Tron forming 'f Application filed ldarcll 211.1899. Serial355e. 709,781.

To ttt wiz/ont it 71mg/ (folto/wit:

13e it known that l, @tisanes Tensorrses tan, in the county and StateNew liaveinventedanew and improved te loner. of which 'tile-following isaiull. clear,

The objeet of the invention to prosimple device through the oA variousamounts may "ne to y the sum total q uiclrly and aeou or whereby oneynumber' from another andA the result l surely known.

Anotlierobject ot' the invention is struct the device that any fa n ofmultiplication-taloles magv1 loe hundred or more subtraeting,npart-ieularlyadapted to assist eliildrer. tering,- the rudiments ofarithmetic and is als' useful to persons not Well grounded in arith-Ametic. f

A further object oit the invention'is to pro. vide a device of tilecharacter alloro scribed that 'will loe simple, durable, eesnomic in itsconstruction and eapalole of lei ng' readily understood and easilymanipulated.

The invention consists in the novel eenn struction and combination ottile parts, as will be hereinater iully set forth, and pointed out inthe claims.

Reference is to be had. to tile accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specication7 in which similar characters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

'Figure 1 is a plan view of the complete de vice. Fig. 2 is a transversesection taken substantially on the line 2 2 ot Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is apartial plan view of the under disk of the device, illustrating aportion of the tables carried by said disk. Fig. 4 is a plan view o theimproved reclroner, illustrating a slight difference in the arrangementof the marginal numerals of the two disks. r

In the preferred form ofthe device two dislrs A and B are employed, thedisk A being of greater diameter than-the disk li, The disk B is mountedto turn upon the disk A and may be pivoted thereto in any suitable orapproved manner. vThe preferred means ein te @SljS-g dated @stoner 10.

(lilo model.)

rloyed for portion, so tiia two sleeves are held rtiangeudow ustratedin. l1

eutively arraned ower or main elisir A, from l to 100.1 'sown in tliedrtJ tra lout they may rom l to 1,0 O. or more. if necessary. ne numeral10G 'in tire drawings is pra@ tieally a starting-point from wliiolrsalesiations are to loe made in addition snotrae tion. Preterabiytliemargin of the uuderer 3g larger dislr A. is provided with scallops 15.eaoll scallop embracing six numerals. Tor. example, the end of onescallop is over rlie numeral 5, the otlier end being' over the numeral10. The next'scallop one end go over the numeral 10 and the other endover the numeral 15. ln this manner it willloe observed that thenumerals be readily separated by the eye in groups o tive. The pivoteddisk B is provided also with a e series of numerals D, that are likewisecousecutively arranged2 and the numerals on die K disk B correspond tothe numeralson the disk A and read 'in the samedirection. A line 16outwardly projected from each numeral on tile disk E, and acorresponding` line 17 is inwardly projected 'from each numeral on thelower or main disk A.

lt', for example, itis desired to add iilteen -ear aid numerals reaaudlifteen together, the numeral l5 on the rotary disk is broughtopposite the startingpoint, or 100, on the main disk, and immediatelyopposite this numeral l5 on the main disk the sum of the twoamountsnamely, th-will be read upon the rotating disk. lt' ten and fortyare to be added together, the numeral 107 on the rotating disk isbrought opposite the starting-point 100 on the' main disk, and uponfinding 40 on the main disk the ligure. 50 will be read on the rotatingdisk opposite the numeral 40 on said main disk. In the same manner anytwo amounts may be added together, providing the su m of the two amountsis not greater than the highest figure to be found on the disk.

lf, for example, li-l'teen is to be subtracted from seventy, the numerall5 {always the lesser numeral appearing on the revolving disk) iscarried opposite ihestarting-point 1007 ou the main disk, as alsoappears in 1. 70 is then found on the revolvingdisk, and the answer, 55,will be read opposite 70 on the main disk.

'lhe products of the multiplication-tablefrom 1 to 20, tor example-arearranged in the customary column forni on the'upper face of the maindisk withinv the circle described by the rotary disk, as shown at E' inFig. 3, and the multipliers of the various ta bles are located adjacentto these columns, occupying such. position that when an opening 18,1nadein the revolving disk ll,is brought over theinultiplier of a table aslot 19, made in said revolving disk l5, will be brought over theproduct-column of that particular table, and adjacent to the slot 19,between said slot and the opening 1S, the multiplicand-column F offigures is located, reading from 1 to 12, this column being used inconnection with each of the tables. lAt one side of the uppernumeral1theword times is produced, while at the opposite side ot' said numerall the Word are appears. Thus, for example, if the table of tours istoioe used the numeral e is made to appear at the opening 18, whereuponthe product-column ot the table of fourswill appear at the slot 19 andthe table maybe read as Mimes l are el, 4.- times 2 are 8, dsc., and inthis manner any of the tables contained upon the device may be quicklybrought to view and studied or used whenever desired. Theproduct-columns, and likewise the slot adapted to expose said columns,are radially disposed on `the' disks.

ln addition to the numerals for simple addition, subtraction, andmultiplication l provide a means whereby a child sent to purchase anarticle costing a fraction of a dollar and intl-usted with a dollar canquickly and accurately ascertain the exact amount of change that shouldbe received. Llo this end a second series of consecutively-arrangednumerals h" is produced upon the main diskA reading from 1 to 100, orthe highest n u moral in the lirst series C ou the same disk; but thesecond series of numerals F' read in an opposite direction to the firstor outer series C, the numeral 1 in the series F being opposite to andregistering with the numeral 99 in the series C, as shown in Fig. 3. Therevolving disk B is provided with an opening 2l, so located that as thesaid disk is turned any one of the numerals in the series F' may beexposed to view, all the rest being hidden. It a child makes a purchaseto the amount of eighty-nine cents, for example, the opening 21 in therevolving disk is carried opposite the numeral S9 in the series ofnumerals C upon the main disk, whereupon the difference betweeneighty-nine and one hundred-namely, 11-will be exposed by said opening,as shown in Fig. 1.

'lhe addition and subtraction tables are, in effect,the numerals whichconstitute the reckoner and appear in the series C and D.

(Clearlyshown in Figi) ln the drawings the numeral 15, representing theaddition-table of fifteens, is opposite the startingpoint 100, and saidtable may be explained as follows: ln an example in addition if 15 inthe numeral series D be added to 1 in the numeral series C the answerappears opposite l in the numeral series D--namely, 10. lf l5 is to beadded to 5, theauswer 20 may be read opposite 5 in the numeral series D,and so on.

.lt is obvious that each individual number in the series D when broughtto the startingpoint represents a table, so that one hundred tables inaddition and subtraction are obtainable upon the dials, as illustratedin the said Fig. 1; but the number of tables and amounts are practicallyunlimited.

ln Fig. 1 l have illustrated a portion of a third series Eof numeralsreading in the hundreds from 101 to 11l, and other series reading to1,000 or to "10,0O07 may be added. With reference to the third series Eof numerals take an example in subtraction. Let fifteen be subtractedfrom one hundred and fourteen, 99 Vis the answer and may be readopposite 114 in the series of numerals C. lf fifteen is to be subtractedfrom one hundred and thirteen, 98 is the answer and may be read in thenumeral series C opposite 113,7 and so on.

ln the forni of reckoner shown in Fig. e two disks A2 and B2 are alsoemployed. ln fact, the disks A2 and B2 sustain the sam-e relation toeach other as do the disks A and B, (illusn trated in Fig. 1,) the diskB2 being of less diameter than the disk A2 and mounted to revolve on thedisk A2 by means of any suitable form of pivot 10, The larger or maindisk A2 is provided, as is the disk A, (shown in Fic. 1,) with a seriesof numerals C', consecutively arranged and reading from l to 100, andthe revolving disk B2 is provided with a series of numerals D',correspondingt'o the series of numerals D heretofore described, and theseries'of numerals D are also consecutively arlOf Ill

ranged, reading from l to 100,77 but lthe series of numerals D read in areverse direction to the series of numerals C/ on the main disk. rlhenumerals ot both series have equal spacing, so that the numerals of oneseries may be brought in transverse aline-ment with the numerals of theother series, and each numeral in the outer series Cf is provided withinwardly-extending lead-lines 17, adapted to meet lead-lines 161,carried outward from each numeral of theinnerseriesD. lfdesired, therevolving disk may be provided with an aperture 18 and a slot 19, theaperture being adapted to disclose a multiplier and the slot 19 theproduct-column of a multiplicationtable, the multiplicandcolumn beingarranged between the slot and aperture in the same manner as illustratedin Fig. 1. lVhen the numerals are arranged in the manner just described,the main or starting' point is 100 on the disk A2.

It it be desired to add two numbers together-as,i0r example, one andeighty-ninethe numeral 89 on the revolving` disk is brought opposite 1on the main disk, and the answer 90 will appear on the revolving diskopposite the main or starting point 100, and it will be observed thatwhen any ligure isopposite 100, the main or starting point, the saidgurewill represent the sum of any two transversely-alimng numerals in thetwo series CA and D. Then one number is to be subtracted from another,the minuend is selected on the revolving disk and is brought oppositethe main or starting point 100 on the main disk, and by finding thesubtrahend on the revolving` disk the answer may be read opposite thesubtrahend on the main-disk. For example, 'if ten is to be subtractedfrom ninety 90 on the revolving disk is carried opposite 100 on the maindisk, and opposite 10 on the revolving disk the answer appears on themain disk.

Should a child, for example, desire to knew how much change should behad out ol a dollar, a certain amount having been spent, the numerals100 on both disks are brought in registry and the two series of numeralsread from this given point in opposite directions, so that any two transversely-alining numerals in the two series are added together theresult willbe one hundred. Thus it a child has a dollar and has made apurchase amounting to twenty cents upon finding the numeral 20 on therevolving disk the answer 80, representing the amount of change thatshould be received, will be found opposite 20 on the main disk.

Having thus described my invention, l claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. A reckoner, comprising a disk provided with radialproduct-columns and multipliers adjacent said columns, and a second diskmounted to revolve en the iirst disk and provided with an openin g andslot through which the multipliers and product-columns reaped tively maybe seen, substantially as described.

A reckoner, consisting of a main disk provided with numeralsconsecutively arranged adjacent to its periphery, said main disk beingalso provided with numerals representing the products ofmnltiplication-tables and with multipliers adjacent to said columns, anda second disk oi` less diameter and mounted to revolve upon thelargerdisk, the smaller disk being provided with a series of numeralsarranged in the same order and corresponding tothe numerals on thelarger disk, the numerals upon one disk being capable oi' varyingrelation to the numerals upon the other disk, the smaller disk beingalso provided with an opening adapted to expose the multiplier ot' atable, and a slot adapted to expose to view the column representing theproducts of multiplication, the multiplicands being produced upon thesmaller disk between the said opening and said slot, the saidmultiplicands being common to all of the tables, as and for the purposespecified.

3. A reckoner, comprising a disk provided with a series of numeralsconsecutively produced thereon near its periphery and reading from 1 to1007 and a second disk of less diameter than the lirst disk and mountedto revolve thereon, said revoluble disk being provided with a series ofnumerals consecutively arranged and reading from l to 100, but in areverse direction to the series of numerals of the first-named disk, thenumerals of both series having equal spacing, whereby the numerals ot'one series maybe brought in transverse alinement with the numerals ot'the other series, substantially as described.

it. A reekoner, comprising a disk provided with a series of numeralsconsecutively produced thereon near its periphery, reading from l to100,7 or a highernumeral,and with a second and inner series of numeralsarranged in the same order as the outer series but reading in a reversedirection, a second disk of less diameter than the main disk and mountedto revolve thereon, the revolving disk being provided with an openingand with a series of numerals near its periphery, corresponding inspacing and numerical order to 'the spacing and numerical order oftheouter series of numerals upon the main disk and reading in the sainedirection, the re volving disk being adapted to cover all of thenumerals of the inner series on the main disk except one that is exposedat the opening in said revolving disk, as speciiied.

5f A, reckoner, comprising a stationary disk provided with a series ofnumerals consecutively produced thereon and reading from C1 to 100," anda second disk mounted to revolve on the first disk and provided with aseries of numerals consecutively arranged and reading from l7 to 100 andin the same order as the numerals of the first disk,

IOO

IIC)

and with a second orouter series of numerals l readingr in thc hundredsli'rom 10i upward7 l the numerals lOl7 being opposite the nul meral l ofthe lirstserics7 substantially as l described. l G. A reckoner7comprising a disk provided with two concentric rows of numerals conseciutively produced thereon but in reverse order, l and with radialproduct-colli mns of numerals and multipliers adjacent said columns, anda second disk revolnbly mounted on the lirst disk and of less diameterlthan said lirst disk and provided with a series of numeralsconsecutively arranged and reading,r in the saine order as theconcentric rows of numerals of the llrst disk, said second disk being;`also provided with the openings 1S and 2l and slot lf), snbstantiall)Yas herein shown and described.

CHAS. TREGONING. Witnesses:

J. FRED. A cima, J'No. M. RITTER.

